CLASS 8 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 6 HUMAN RESOURCES

 NCERT SOLUTIONS CLASS 8 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 6 HUMAN RESOURCES

1. Answer the following questions.

(i) Why are people considered a resource? Answer: People are considered a resource because they possess the ability to transform natural resources into valuable goods and services. They have the potential to innovate, create, and develop new technologies, products, and services, which can contribute to economic growth and social development.

(ii) What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world? Answer: The causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world are as follows:

• Availability of resources such as water, land, and minerals
• Climate and natural conditions, such as extreme cold, hot, or arid regions
• Historical factors, such as colonialism, migration, and conflicts
• Economic factors, such as job opportunities, urbanization, and industrialization
• Political factors, such as government policies, laws, and regulations
• Social factors, such as culture, language, and religion

(iii) The world population has grown very rapidly. Why? Answer: The world population has grown rapidly due to the following reasons:

• Advances in medical science, which have increased life expectancy and reduced mortality rates
• Improvements in agriculture and food production, which have led to an increase in food supply and a decrease in famines and epidemics
• Industrialization and urbanization, which have led to a rise in job opportunities and improved living conditions
• Migration and globalization, which have facilitated the movement of people across the world and increased intercultural interactions.

(iv) Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change. Answer: Two factors influencing population change are as follows:

• Birth rate: The birth rate refers to the number of births per thousand people in a population. A high birth rate results in a population increase, while a low birth rate results in a population decline. The birth rate is influenced by various factors such as availability of resources, culture, education, and government policies.
• Death rate: The death rate refers to the number of deaths per thousand people in a population. A high death rate results in a population decline, while a low death rate results in a population increase. The death rate is influenced by factors such as availability of healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition.

(v) What is meant by population composition? Answer: Population composition refers to the distribution of people in a population according to their age, sex, education, occupation, income, and other demographic characteristics. It helps in understanding the social and economic structure of a society and the distribution of resources and opportunities.

(vi) What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding about the population of a country? Answer: Population pyramids are graphical representations of the distribution of a population according to age and sex. They are useful tools for understanding the demographic structure of a population, as they can help identify trends in birth and death rates, and changes in population growth rates. They can also provide insights into the social and economic conditions of a country, such as the level of education and occupation of the population. Population pyramids can help policymakers and planners in making decisions about healthcare, education, employment, and other social and economic issues.